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Course contents

  • How to Use This Course
  • Protocol Metrics Reference
  • Protocols Glossary
  • Reading Path
  • Protocol Fundamentals25
  • AMBA Family (APB / AHB / AXI)17
    • APB & AHB Basics
      • APB & AHB Basics: Concepts
      • APB & AHB Basics: Integration
      • APB & AHB Basics: Debug
      • APB & AHB Basics: Interview
    • AXI Channels & Transfers
    • AXI-Lite & AXI-Stream
    • AMBA Integration Debug
    • AMBA Family (APB / AHB / AXI): Tricky Q&A
  • Coherence Fabrics (ACE / CHI)17
  • Memory Interfaces (DDR / LPDDR / HBM)17
  • PCIe & CXL17
  • Embedded Peripherals (I2C / SPI / UART)17
  • High-Speed I/O (USB / Ethernet / MIPI)17
  • Protocol Verification & Compliance21
  • Protocols Interview Prep5
  • Interface Protocols Cheatsheet
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←AMBA Family (APB / AHB / AXI)
  1. Topics
  2. Bus Protocols
  3. AMBA Family (APB / AHB / AXI)
  4. APB & AHB Basics
On this page

    Interface ProtocolsAll levels

    APB & AHB Basics

    APB suits simple register accesses; AHB-Lite pipelines address and data; AXI separates channels. Choose for the subsystem's needs, not a newer-is-better rule.

    • 4topics
    • 4lessons

    What you'll learn

    APB suits simple register accesses; AHB-Lite pipelines address and data; AXI separates channels. Choose for the subsystem's needs, not a newer-is-better rule.

    • APB two-phase access: SETUP then ACCESS, wait on PREADY.

    • AHB pipelined address/data phases with HREADY stretch.

    • Bridge selection: APB for low-power peripherals, AXI for performance paths.

    Connection

    Builds on handshake fundamentals. The next topic contrasts this pipelining with AXI's independently handshaken channels.


    Key diagram

    APB completion after a real SETUP

    APB completion after a real SETUP. Only a selected completing ACCESS transfers work. A following access needs SETUP even if the same PSEL stays asserted.
    Only a selected completing ACCESS transfers work. A following access needs SETUP even if the same PSEL stays asserted.
    Check yourself Can the next access jump from completion directly to ACCESS?

    No. It must pass through SETUP; continuous selection does not eliminate that phase.


    Study this topic

    1. Concepts — Trace APB setup/access and AHB-Lite address/data association.

    2. Integration — Choose a control path from traffic and service requirements.

    3. Debug — Locate the missing decode, phase or completion event.

    4. Interview — Explain the trade-offs using a bounded workload.

    PreviousNext: APB & AHB Basics: Concepts

    Up next

    Up nextAPB & AHB Basics: Concepts

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    See also

    • AXI Channels & Transfers
    • AXI-Lite & AXI-Stream
    • AMBA Integration Debug