RISC-V Design · All levels

Coverage-Driven Verification: Worked Example

Worked Example for Coverage-Driven Verification.

Worked example

Worked Example for Coverage-Driven Verification is anchored on Risk-weighted closure across functional coverage, assertion coverage, code coverage, and bug escape trend.. Convert observations into mechanism-backed decisions with explicit ownership.

A regression flags Risk-weighted closure across functional coverage, assertion coverage, code coverage, and bug escape trend.. Strong closure isolates first failing mechanism, proves causality, applies one bounded change, and validates blast radius.

System view

diagram

RISC-V PIPELINE DIAGRAM - Coverage-Driven Verification

PC -> IF -> ID -> EX -> MEM -> WB
      |     |      |      |      |
  i-cache decode  ALU/BR  LSU    regfile write
              \   |
               +-> branch resolve + redirect

Hot paths:
  - branch + load-use dependencies in ID/EX
  - memory latency stretching MEM stage
  - writeback arbitration for integer/vector units

Focus: keep control hazards predictable

Evidence matrix

diagram

RISC-V EVIDENCE MATRIX - Coverage-Driven Verification

+--------------------------+--------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------------------------+
| Evidence                 | Tells you                      | Does not prove                 | Next action               |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------------------------+
| perf counter timeline    | where regression appears       | exact mechanism causality      | correlate with trace      |
| decode/control dump      | control intent per instruction | pipeline side-effect ordering  | inspect retire semantics  |
| trap + CSR logs          | privilege/fault behavior       | performance bottleneck alone   | pair with CPI buckets     |
| MMU/TLB walk trace       | translation behavior           | full system QoS impact         | test mixed workloads      |
| post-fix trend graph     | movement after fix             | long-term stability            | run stress matrix         |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+--------------------------------+---------------------------+

Capture baseline and failing traces under fixed metadata tags.
Classify stage loss and dominant mechanism.
Collect Verification closure report with risk bins, uncovered-item action plan, and signoff recommendation..
Apply one bounded fix with owner signoff.
Run validation matrix and decide ship/rollback.

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